Bariatric surgery before
pregnancy can help you get pregnant if obesity was the reason you had trouble
in getting pregnant. It will lower your chance of certain pregnancy problems
including gestational diabetes, high blood pressure and preeclampsia. It will
reduce how much weight you can gain during pregnancy. However, the bariatric
surgery may increase your risk of having a cesarean section. You should talk
with your doctor if you have concerns about the risk of a C-section.
What is Bariatric Surgery?
Bariatric surgery such as a
gastric band or bypass helps individual who are obese and have not been able to
lose weight with diet and exercise to lose weight. This surgery makes the
stomach smaller and there are some types of weight loss surgery which changes
how your stomach is connected with your intestines.
Pregnancy After Bariatric Surgery: Is It Advisable?
Pregnancy after the gastric
bypass can be safe and healthy if it is managed well by you and your doctor.
Research suggests that pregnancy after bariatric surgery might be safe for both
the mother and the baby than pregnancy which is complicated due to obesity.
Some studies suggest that the weight loss surgery might protect the obese women
and their babies from obesity-related problems during pregnancy. Some examples
include preeclampsia-high blood pressure, gestational diabetes and signs of
damage to another organ system, often the kidneys after 20 weeks of pregnancy.
If you had done a bariatric surgery
and considering pregnancy, you should consult your healthcare provider for the
preconception planning. You should also consult a registered dietician along
with your gastric surgeon for advice on nutrition and weight gain during
pregnancy.
Typically, experts recommend
postponing pregnancy until your weight stabilizes which may take at least about
12 to 18 months post bariatric surgery whereas some experts recommend waiting
longer. A rapid or persistent weight loss might deprive a growing baby of the important
nutrients that lead to low birth weight. In order to monitor your baby’s
growth, your doctor may recommend a fetal ultrasound during the third
trimester. Depending on the type of bariatric surgery and the specific
nutritional needs of your body, your doctor might recommend certain nutritional
supplements such as vitamin B-12, folic acid, vitamin D, calcium and iron, in
addition to a daily prenatal vitamin before and during pregnancy.
But What If Someone Gets Pregnant?
Although the nutritional deficiencies
are more likely to occur in certain procedures the malabsorptive procedures
have a higher risk of malnutrition than the restrictive procedures. A study in
which specific evaluation was done to find out whether some surgeries are safer
than others and found that there were no serious differences between the
surgeries.
- Patients
following lap band surgery had significantly higher BMI before delivery.
- Birth
weight was significantly higher among the newborns of the patients
following the gastric bypass surgery when compared to the restrictive
procedures.
- Following
the lap band surgery, patients had higher weight gain during pregnancy
when compared to the VBG and the gastric bypass groups.
- The
interval between operation and pregnancy was shorter in the lap band group
when compared to the VGB group and was significantly higher in the gastric
bypass group.
- No
significant differences in the low birth weight or perinatal or macrosmia
mortality were reported between these groups.
A separate study comprising of about
42 pregnancies evaluated the gastric bypass and lap band surgery and drew
similar conclusions that no significant difference exists in the obstetric and
birth outcomes between women who had gastric bypass and those who have undergo
lap band surgery.
Conclusion
According to experts, a woman
should wait for around one to two years after the bariatric surgery to get
pregnant. This surgery will help people lose a lot of weight quickly and
getting pregnant too soon after the surgery could mean that a growing baby
might not get the required nutrients.
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